Academic Journal of Computing & Information Science, 2025, 8(7); doi: 10.25236/AJCIS.2025.080713.
Shihua Pan1,2, Yunlong Xiang1,2, Fei Xie1,2, Yong Wang1,2, Yihua Hu1,2, Qingsong Zhao1,2
1The College of Electronic Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei, 230037, China
2The Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Electronic Restriction, Hefei, Anhui, 230037, China
As Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite Internet of Things emerges as a critical global infrastructure, traditional static or single-dimensional security assessment methods fail to effectively characterize system resilience performance when facing complex security threats. To address this problem, this paper proposes a security assessment method for LEO satellite IoT communication systems based on multi-dimensional resilience indicators. The method innovatively decomposes system resilience into three mutually orthogonal dimensions: anti-degradation capability, system adaptability, and system stability, and employs weighted geometric mean to fuse the three-dimensional indicators for calculating comprehensive resilience. Simulation experimental results demonstrate that the proposed multi-dimensional resilience assessment method can accurately reflect the resilience variation characteristics of systems facing threats such as jamming attacks, DDoS attacks, and replay attacks, providing analytical tools for security assessment and design optimization of LEO satellite IoT systems. It also provides powerful quantitative analysis tools for robustness design, risk management, and operational optimization of LEO satellite IoT, laying a foundation for building next-generation satellite communication systems with greater survivability.
Satellite Communication, Internet of Things Security, System Resilience, Security Assessment
Shihua Pan, Yunlong Xiang, Fei Xie, Yong Wang, Yihua Hu, Qingsong Zhao. A Security Assessment Method for Low Earth Orbit Satellite Internet of Things Based on Multi-Dimensional Resilience Indicators. Academic Journal of Computing & Information Science (2025), Vol. 8, Issue 7: 105-114. https://doi.org/10.25236/AJCIS.2025.080713.
[1] Zheng J, Luan T H, Li G, et al. Low Earth Orbit Satellite Networks: Architecture, Key Technologies, Measurement, and Open Issues[J]. IEEE Network, 2025.
[2] De Sanctis M, Cianca E, Araniti G, et al. Satellite communications supporting internet of remote things[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2015, 3(1): 113-123.
[3] Yang Z, Shaofeng L, Chenyang T. Research on Security Protection of Space-Earth Integrated Network Wireless Link Based on Consortium Blockchain Technology and Application[C]//2023 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Big Data and Algorithms (EEBDA). IEEE, 2023: 1455-1458.
[4] Li K, Zhou H, Tu Z, et al. Distributed network intrusion detection system in satellite-terrestrial integrated networks using federated learning[J]. IEEE Access, 2020, 8: 214852-214865.
[5] Babu B N, Gunasekaran M. An Analysis of Insider Attack Detection Using Machine Learning Algorithms[C]//2022 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Mobile Networks and Wireless Communications (ICMNWC). IEEE, 2022: 1-7.
[6] Ansong S, Rankothge W, Sadeghi S, et al. Role of cybersecurity for a secure global communication eco-system: A comprehensive cyber risk assessment for satellite communications[J]. Computers & Security, 2024: 104156.
[7] Zhang Y, Wang Y, Hu Y, et al. Security performance analysis of leo satellite constellation networks under ddos attack[J]. Sensors, 2022, 22(19): 7286.
[8] Tran H T, Balchanos M, Domerçant J C, et al. A framework for the quantitative assessment of performance-based system resilience[J]. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 2017, 158: 73-84.
[9] Yamagata Y, Maruyama H. Urban resilience[M]. Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany: Springer, 2016.
[10] Tan Z, Wu B, Che A. Resilience modeling for multi-state systems based on Markov processes[J]. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 2023, 235: 109207.
[11] Erol O, Henry D, Sauser B. 3.1. 2 Exploring resilience measurement methodologies[C]//INCOSE international symposium. 2010, 20(1): 302-322.
[12] Weerackody V. Satellite diversity to mitigate jamming in LEO satellite mega-constellations[C]//2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops(ICC). IEEE, 2021: 1-6.
[13] Kalambe D, Sharma D, Kadam P, et al. A comprehensive plane-wise review of DDoS attacks in SDN: Leveraging detection and mitigation through machine learning and deep learning[J]. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2024: 104081.
[14] Zhu M, Martinez S. On the performance analysis of resilient networked control systems under replay attacks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2013, 59(3): 804-808.